MEMORY :RAM and ROM
CHAPTER-5
MEMORY
Memory is
the place of storage for the instructions and data. There are two types of
memory used in a computer, depending upon their method of storage and
performance of data stored. They are-
1- Main
memory/ primary memory
2- Mass
memory/ secondary memory
Main/primary
memory- These memory units are the storage locations that the CPU always looks
in, for instructions and data. They are made up of electronic components and
are accessible at speeds similar to that of the CPU. Thus they are a must for
every computer system and so are also called as primary memory. Main memory is
of two types:
1- ROM-READ
ONLY MEMORY
2- RAM-RANDOM
ACCESS MEMORY
ROM
The ROM
chips preprogramed. As the suggest of information only can be read by us. We
cannot write into them. Features of ROM are:
a. ROM’s are nonvolatile, i.e. they don’t
loose their contents when power is lost.
b. ROM’s contents cannot accidentally
change.
c. ROM’s are static and do not requiring
any periodic refreshing of their contents.
ROM are
three types. Such as:
Programmable
Read Only Memory (PROM): This is a programmable read only memory that can be
directly programmed by the user using a prom programmer. This type of rom is
used by more specialized users who make like to store their own special
functions or program. Once it has been programmed we cannot change it.
Erasable
Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM): This is a erasable programmable read
only memory. The content of this chip can be erased by exposing the chip to
ultraviolet lights. Thus with the help of EPROM, one can reprogram the ROM.
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM): This is electrically erasable ROM and is similar to EPROM except that in this case even a selected portion of the ROM can be erased and rewritten.
HINDI - Memory
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